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Public holidays in Indonesia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Buddhist Waisak ceremony at Borobudur temple, Central Java

The following table indicates declared Indonesian government national holidays. Cultural variants also provide opportunity for holidays tied to local events. Beside official holidays, there are the so-called "libur bersama" or "cuti bersama", or joint leave(s) declared nationwide by the government. In total there are 16 public holidays every year.

List of national public holidays

[edit]
Date English name Local name Remarks
1 January New Year's Day Tahun Baru Masehi
January/February Lunar New Year (specifically the Chinese New Year) Tahun Baru Imlek
  • National public holiday since 2003.
March Day of Silence Hari Suci Nyepi
  • National public holiday since 1983.
Tahun Baru Saka
March/April Good Friday Wafat Yesus Kristus
  • The Friday before Easter (the first Sunday after the first Paschal Full Moon following the vernal equinox)
  • National public holiday between 1953 and 1962 and reinforced since 1971.
March/April Easter Kebangkitan Yesus Kristus
  • National public holiday since 2024.
Hari Paskah
1 May Labour Day Hari Buruh Internasional
  • National public holiday between 1953 and 1967 and reinforced since 2014.
May/June Ascension Day Kenaikan Yesus Kristus
  • Commemorates the Christian Belief of the bodily Ascension of Jesus into the heaven.
  • National public holiday between 1953 and 1962 and reinforced since 1968.
May/June Vesak (specifically Buddha's Birthday) Hari Raya Waisak
  • National public holiday since 1983.
1 June Pancasila Day Hari Lahir Pancasila
17 August Independence Day Hari Kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia
25 December Christmas Hari Raya Natal
1st Muharram Islamic New Year Tahun Baru Islam
  • 1st day of the Muharram, the beginning of the New Islamic Year
  • National public holiday between 1953 and 1962 and reinforced since 1968.
12th Rabi' al-awwal The Prophet's Birthday Maulid Nabi Muhammad SAW
  • Birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (Date varies according to the Islamic calendar)
  • National public holiday between 1953 and 1962 and reinforced since 1968.
27th Rajab Isra' and Mi'raj Isra Mikraj Nabi Muhammad SAW
  • Date varies according to the Islamic calendar
  • National public holiday between 1953 and 1962 and reinforced since 1968.
1st and 2nd Shawwal Eid al-Fitr Hari Raya Idul Fitri
  • Date varies according to the Islamic calendar
  • National public holiday since 1953.
Lebaran Mudik
10th Dhu al-Hijjah Eid al-Adha Hari Raya Idul Adha
  • Date varies according to the Islamic calendar
  • National public holiday since 1953.
Lebaran Haji

Other observances

[edit]

In addition to the official holidays, many religious, historical, and other traditional holidays populate the calendar, as well as observances proclaimed by officials and lighter celebrations. These are often observed by businesses and schools as holidays.

Date (Gregorian calendar) English name Local name Year established Remarks
Dates vary Galungan and Kuningan Galungan dan Kuningan
Dates vary Diwali Hari Raya Diwali
3 January Ministry of Religious Affairs Day[1] Hari Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia The founding of the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs in 1946, during the First Sjahrir Cabinet
15 January Ocean Duty Day / Day of the Sea and Ocean Event[1] Hari Dharma Samudera / Hari Peristiwa Laut dan Samudera Commemorate the services and sacrifices of those who died in various battles at sea. The day is the date of the Battle of Arafura Sea in 1962.
25 January Food and Nutrition Day / National Nutrition Day[1] Hari Gizi dan Makanan / Hari Gizi Nasional The day of the founding of dietetic school Sekolah Djuru Penerang Makanan on 25 January 1951 by Poorwo Soedarmo.[1]
30 January Indonesian Primate Day Hari Primata Indonesia 2014 [2]
February/March Lantern Festival Cap Go Meh Ending of 15th days celebration of Chinese New Year
9 February National Press Day / Anniversary of the Indonesian Journalists Association Hari Pers Nasional (HPN) / Hari Ulang Tahun Persatuan Wartawan Indonesia 1985 The 1946 founding of the Indonesian Journalists Association (PWI)[3]
21 February National Waste Awareness Day Hari Peduli Sampah Nasional 2006 In remembrance of the 2005 Leuwigajah landslide which killed 143 people.[4]
1 March State Sovereignty Enforcement Day Hari Penegakan Kedaulatan Negara 2022 Commemoration of the 1949 General Offensive in Yogyakarta.[5][6]
8 March International Women's Day Hari Perempuan Internasional International observance.
9 March National Music Day Hari Musik Nasional 2013 Birthday of Wage Rudolf Supratman, author of the Indonesian national anthem.[7]
18 March Indonesian Architecture Day Hari Arsitektur Indonesia [8]
30 March National Film Day Hari Film Nasional 1999 First shooting day of Darah dan Doa, the first "national film".[9]
1 April National Broadcasting Day Hari Penyiaran Nasional 2019 Commemorates the 1933 establishment of the first radio station owned by native Indonesians, Solosche Radio Vereeniging (SRV).[10]
4 April National Encryption Day Hari Persandian Nasional Commemorates the 1946 establishment of the Codes Service (Dinas Kode) by Roebiono Kertopati on the orders of Defence Minister Amir Sjarifuddin.[11][12]
6 April National Fisherman Day Hari Nelayan Nasional [1]
9 April Air Force Day Hari Jadi TNI Angkatan Udara 1950 Honors the active and reserve serving men and women and veterans of the Indonesian Air Force
20 April National Consumer Day Hari Konsumen Nasional 2012 [13]
21 April Kartini Day Hari Kartini "Women Emancipation Day". The birthday of Kartini, an Indonesian women's rights activist.[14]
22 April Earth Day Hari Bumi International observance.
25 April Regional Autonomy Day Hari Otonomi Daerah 1996 [15]
28 April National Poetry Day / National Literature Day Hari Puisi Nasional The anniversary of the death of one of Indonesia's leading poet legends, Chairil Anwar.[16]
30 April National Information Openness Day Hari Keterbukaan Informasi Nasional 2015 Commemorates the promulgation of the Public Information Openness Act of 2008 (Undang-Undang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik 2008, formal name: Act No. 14 of 2008 on Public Information Openness [Undang-Undang No. 14 Tahun 2008 Tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik]).[17]
2 May National Education Day Hari Pendidikan Nasional 1959 Birthday of Ki Hajar Dewantara, founder of Taman Siswa and first Minister of Education during the Presidential Cabinet
11 May Day of the Military Police of the Indonesian National Armed Forces Hari POM TNI [1]
17 May National Book Day Hari Buku Nasional 2002 Anniversary of the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia.[18]
20 May National Awakening Day Hari Kebangkitan Nasional 1985 Commemorates the 1908 formation of the first nationalist group, Budi Utomo. Since 2008 it was observed by the Indonesian Doctors' Union as Indonesian Doctors' Service Day (Hari Bakti Dokter Indonesia) as Budi Utomo's founding members are STOVIA students.
29 May National Elderly Day Hari Lanjut Usia Nasional 1996 The date of the opening day of the first plenary meeting of the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK) which was led by Rajiman Wediodiningrat who was 66 at the time of the event in 1945.[19]
21 June Agricultural Activity Day Hari Krida Pertanian 1972 [20]
24 June National Midwife Day Hari Bidan Nasional 1951 [21]
26 June International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking Hari Anti Narkoba Internasional (lit. "International Anti-Drug Day") International observance.
29 June National Family Day Hari Keluarga Nasional (Harganas) 2014 [22][23]
1 July Constables' Day Hari Bhayangkara The 1946 fomulation of the Indonesian National Police as the country's principal law enforcement agency by virtue of law.
5 July Bank Indonesia Day Hari Bank Indonesia [24]
14 July Tax Day Hari Pajak 2017 [25]
22 July Attorney Day Hari Kejaksaan / Hari Bhakti Adhyaksa 1961 The establishment of the Indonesian Attorney as a stand-alone institution in 1960, previously a non-departmental institutions under the Department of Justice.[26]
23 July National Children's Day Hari Anak Nasional 1984 [27][1]
24 July Kebaya Day Hari Kebaya Nasional 2023 [28]
6 August National Space Day Hari Keantariksaan Nasional 2013 Commemorates the promulgation of the Space Act of 2013 (Undang-Undang Keantariksaan 2013, formal name: Act No. 21 of 2013 on Space [Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2013 Tentang Keantariksaan])
8 August Indonesian Game Day Hari Gim Indonesia [29][30][31]
10 August National Veterans Day Hari Veteran Nasional 2014 [32]
National Technology Uprising Day Hari Kebangkitan Teknologi Nasional 1995 Commemorates the maiden flight of the IPTN N-250
14 August Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia Day Hari Pramuka 1961 Commemorates the public inauguration of the Indonesian Scout Movement on 14 August 1961, marked by the handover of the Indonesian scout flag by Presidential Decree. The movement has been established earlier on 20 May in the same year.
18 August Constitution Day Hari Konstitusi Republik Indonesia 2008 Commemorates the promulgation in 1945 of the Constitution of Indonesia, also marked as the official anniversary of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR)[33]
22 August National Police Service Day Hari Juang Kepolisian Negara 2023 Comemorates the formal establishment of the Indonesian National Police on August 19, 1945 and the formation of the first city police department post-Independence in Surabaya three days later (Aug. 22, 1945)[34]
24 August Television Day / Anniversary of TVRI Hari Televisi / Hari Ulang Tahun Televisi Republik Indonesia 1962 The day of the opening ceremony of the 1962 Asian Games, the very first programme officially broadcast for the general public by TVRI. Also TVRI's anniversary.
4 September National Customer Day Hari Pelanggan Nasional 2003 [35]
9 September National Sports Day Hari Olahraga Nasional 1983 Commemorates the opening day of the first National Sports Week in Surakarta in 1948,[36] initially devised as an alternative to the then-newborn state's ineligibility to participate in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
11 September National Radio Day / Anniversary of RRI Hari Radio Nasional / Hari Ulang Tahun Radio Republik Indonesia 1945 Commemorates the takeover of Japanese-military operated radio stations by Indonesians on 1945. Also RRI's anniversary.
17 September Red Cross Day Hari Palang Merah 1945 Commemorates the establishment of the Indonesian Red Cross Society on 17 September 1945, marked by the formation of the Executive Board with its first chairman, Mohammad Hatta.
National Transport Day Hari Perhubungan Nasional 1971 Designated by the then Minister of Transportation to simplify national transport days as well as due to the reason that state-owned transport companies (like Perum DAMRI and Kereta Api Indonesia) have nearby anniversaries.[37]
23 September / 21 August National Maritime Day Hari Maritim Nasional 1964 The proposal of 21 August as National Maritime Day (the day when the Indonesian independence fighter attacked the Japanese military storage in Pulau Nyamukan (Djamuan Riff), near Surabaya, on 21 August 1945) was disputed by the Association of Indonesian Marine Youth (APMI) because at that time the Indonesian Navy has not been formed. BKR Laut, the predecessor of the Indonesian Navy, was formed later on 10 September 1945. The 23 September date refers to the first (and last) Musyawarah Maritim in 1963, and actually has been established as National Maritime Day in 1964 during the tenure of Sukarno as the president of Indonesia but was overlooked by the recent government.[38][39]
24 September National Agrarian and Spatial Planning Day/National Peasants' Day Hari Agraria dan Tata Ruang Nasional/Hari Tani Nasional 1963 (for the National Peasants' Day) Commemorates the promulgation of the Agrarian Basics Act of 1960 (Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria 1960, formal name: Act No. 5 of 1960 on Basic Law on Agrarian Affairs [Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1960 Tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-pokok Agraria])
26 September National Statistics Day Hari Statistik Nasional Commemorated to increase public awareness of the importance of statistics, increase public participation in statistics and encouraging statistical players to continue to carry out statistical activities in accordance with applicable rules.[40]
27 September Post and Telecommunications' Service Day Hari Bakti Pos dan Telekomunikasi Commemorates the 1945 takeover of Japanese military-controlled post, telegraph and telephone systems of Java by the Indonesian revolutionary youth. However, Telkom Indonesia and Pos Indonesia do not commemorate this day anymore as their anniversaries; instead they observed their anniversaries at 6 July (to commemorate the separation of post and telecommunications public corporations in 1965) and 26 August (the opening of the first post office in Batavia by the then Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff, in 1746) respectively
28 September Railway Day / Anniversary of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Hari Kereta Api / Hari Ulang Tahun PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Commemorates the 1945 takeover of Japanese military-controlled railway systems of Java by the Indonesian Railway Youth (Angkatan Moeda Kereta Api (AMKA, literally "Railway Youth Forces"))
1 October National Day of Pancasila Sanctity and 30 September Movement Memorial Day Hari Kesaktian Pancasila 1967 Mourning day for the events of 30 September Movement of 1965. The song Gugur Bunga is usually sung in this day
2 October Batik Day Hari Batik Nasional 2009 The international designation of the Indonesian batik as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2009.[41]
5 October Indonesian National Armed Forces Day Hari Tentara Nasional Indonesia The 1945 founding of Tentara Keamanan Rakyat ("People's Security Forces"), the predecessor of the TNI.
12 October National Museum Day Hari Museum Nasional 2015 [42]
22 October National Santri Day Hari Santri Nasional 2015 The 1945 date of the Jihad Declaration by Nahdlatul Ulama that the fight against the Dutch colonial forces was a jihad (holy war) - a general obligation for all Muslims just two months following the declaration of the independence of Indonesia.[43] The declaration is the legal basis for the 1945 Battle of Surabaya in which many fighters are students of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren)
24 October National Doctors Day Hari Dokter Nasional 1950 [44]
27 October National Electricity Day / Anniversary of PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) Hari Listrik Nasional (HLN) / Hari Ulang Tahun PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) [45]
28 October Youth Pledge Day Hari Sumpah Pemuda 1967 Commemoration of the 1928 Youth Pledge
30 October Indonesian Finance Day Hari Oeang, Hari Keuangan Republik Indonesia The printing of the first Oeang Republik Indonesia, the first 'Indonesian rupiah' bank note, in 1946.[46]
8 November National Spatial Planning Day Hari Tata Ruang Nasional 2013 [47][48]
10 November Heroes' Day Hari Pahlawan Commemoration of the 1945 Battle of Surabaya
12 November Father's Day Hari Ayah Established in 2006 following a suggestion by a group of women in Solo.[49]
12 November National Health Day Hari Kesehatan Nasional Marks the day when Sukarno officially begins the malaria eradication project by spraying DDT in the village of Kalasan, Special Region of Yogyakarta (1959).[50]
14 November Mobile Brigade Day[1] Hari Brigade Mobil Founding of the Mobile Brigade Corps in 1946.
14 November World Diabetes Day Hari Diabetes Sedunia International observance.
15 November Indonesian Marine Corps Birthday Hari Juang Korps Marinir 1951 Honors the active and reserve serving men and women and veterans of the Indonesian Marine Corps
22 November National Fishery Day Hari Ikan Nasional 2014 [51]
25 November Teachers' Day / Anniversary of the Teachers' Union of the Republic of Indonesia Hari Guru / Hari Ulang Tahun Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (PGRI) Commemorates the Indonesian Teachers' Congress of 24–25 November 1945 in Solo, which established the Teachers' Union of the Republic of Indonesia
29 November Anniversary of the Employees' Corps of the Republic of Indonesia Hari Ulang Tahun Korps Pegawai Republik Indonesia (KORPRI) Commemorates the establishment of the Employees' Corps of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Korps Pegawai Republik Indonesia (KORPRI), also known as the Indonesian Civil Servants Corps) in 1971, originally as the only association for civil servants, state- and regional government-owned enterprises and banks, heads of regional government, and all members of the Indonesian National Armed Forces running for government to ensure their loyalty to the New Order. KORPRI, not legally a trade union, remains the only organisation for all civil servants and heads of regional government (state- and regional-government-owned enterprises and banks now have their own trade unions.)
13 December Nusantara Day Hari Nusantara 2001 The recognition of the boundary of the Indonesian archipelago, started with the announcement of the Deklarasi Djoeanda on 13 December 1957, which eventually leads to the recognition of the principles of the Nusantara in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in 1982.[52]
15 December Indonesian Army Day Hari Juang Kartika Honors the active and reserve serving men and women and veterans of the Indonesian Army, marked on the anniversary of the victory in the Battle of Ambarawa (1945).
22 December Mother's Day Hari Ibu 1959 Commemorate the anniversary of the Indonesian Women's Congress in 1928.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "Hari-Hari Penting di Indonesia" [Important observances in Indonesia]. Sekretariat Kabinet Republik Indonesia. 3 July 2015. Archived from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  2. ^ Nur Rohmi Aida (30 January 2023). Sari Hardiyanto (ed.). "Sejarah Hari Primata Indonesia yang Diperingati Setiap 30 Januari". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  3. ^ Presidential Decree No. 5 of 1985 (Keppres Nomor 5 Tahun 1985)
  4. ^ Abdul Haris Maulana, ed. (21 February 2023). "Sejarah Ditetapkannya Hari Peduli Sampah Nasional, Berawal dari Peristiwa Mencekam". megapolitan.kompas.com (in Indonesian). Kompas Cyber Media. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  5. ^ Presidential Decree No. 2 of 2022 (Keppres Nomor 2 Tahun 2022)
  6. ^ "Presiden Jokowi Tetapkan 1 Maret Sebagai Hari Penegakan Kedaulatan Negara". Cabinet Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia (in Indonesian). 27 February 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  7. ^ Presidential Decree No. 10 of 2013 (Keppres Nomor 10 Tahun 2013)
  8. ^ "Peringatan Hari Arsitektur Indonesia 18 Maret". Radio Republik Indonesia. 18 March 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2024.
  9. ^ Presidential Decree No. 25 of 1999 (Keppres Nomor 25 Tahun 1999)
  10. ^ Presidential Decree No. 9 of 2019 (Keppres Nomor 9 Tahun 2019)
  11. ^ "Tentang BSSN". Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  12. ^ "4 April, Sejarah Hari Persandian Nasional". Radio Republik Indonesia. 4 April 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  13. ^ Presidential Decree No. 13 of 2012 (Keppres Nomor 13 Tahun 2012)
  14. ^ "Public Holidays and Observances in Indonesia". IndonesiaCalendar.com.
  15. ^ Presidential Decree No. 11 of 1996 (Keppres Nomor 11 Tahun 1996)
  16. ^ "Hari Puisi Nasional: Mengenang Wafatnya Legenda Penyair Chairil Anwar" [National Poetry Day: Commemorating the Death of the Legend of the Poet Chairil Anwar]. Direktorat Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Ministry of Education and Culture. 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  17. ^ "Memperingati Hari Keterbukaan Informasi Nasional". SIPPN - CARIYANLIK. Ministry of State Apparatus Utilization and Bureaucratic Reform. 30 April 2023. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  18. ^ "Merayakan Hari Buku Nasional" [Celebrating National Book Day]. Donasi Buku Kemdikbud. Ministry of Education and Culture. 18 June 2017. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  19. ^ Ferry Agusta Satrio (29 May 2017). "29 Mei, Hari Lanjut Usia Nasional". Times Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 18 June 2018.
  20. ^ "Arti dan Tujuan Hari Krida Pertanian Setiap Tanggal 21 Juni". Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika, Puslitbanghorti – Balitbangtan. Ministry of Agriculture. 22 June 2012. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  21. ^ Yonada Nancy (24 June 2021). Yulaika Ramadhani (ed.). "Hari Bidan Nasional 24 Juni 2021 dan Sejarah Berdirinya IBI" (in Indonesian). Tirto.id. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  22. ^ Presidential Decree No. 39 of 2014 (Keppres Nomor 39 Tahun 2014)
  23. ^ 29 Juni Ditetapkan Sebagai Hari Keluarga Nasional Tapi Bukan Hari Libur
  24. ^ Iswara N Raditya (4 July 2021). Addi M Idhom (ed.). "Hari Bidan Nasional 24 Juni 2021 dan Sejarah Berdirinya IBI" (in Indonesian). Tirto.id. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
  25. ^ Dipna Videlia Putsana (14 July 2021). Iswara N Raditya (ed.). "Hari Pajak Nasional 14 Juli 2021: Sejarah & Awal Mula Peringatan" (in Indonesian). Tirto.id. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  26. ^ Redaksi Jaksa Menyapa (22 July 2017). "Inilah Sejarah Hari Lahir Kejaksaan RI" [Here is the History of the Birth of the General Attorney of the Republic of Indonesia]. jaksa Menyapa. Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  27. ^ Presidential Decree No. 44 of 1984 (Keppres Nomor 44 Tahun 1984)
  28. ^ Presidential Decree No. 19 of 2023 (Keppres Nomor 19 Tahun 2023)
  29. ^ Presidential Regulation No. 19 of 2024 (Perpres Nomor 19 Tahun 2024)
  30. ^ Thiodor Wulandari (8 August 2024). Agus Santika (ed.). "Hari Game Indonesia Perkuat Industri Gim Nasional". rri.co.id (in Indonesian). Radio Republik Indonesia. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
  31. ^ "Kominfo Dukung Hari Game Indonesia". kominfo.go.id (in Indonesian). Ministry of Communications and Informatics. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
  32. ^ Presidential Decree No. 30 of 2014 (Keppres Nomor 30 Tahun 2014, Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2014 Nomor 188, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5573)
  33. ^ Presidential Decree No. 18 of 2008 (Keppres No. 18 tahun 2008)
  34. ^ "Sejarah Singkat Hari Juang Polri – TribrataNews". 21 August 2024.
  35. ^ "Tentang Hari Pelanggan Nasional". haripelanggan.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  36. ^ "Sejarah Penetapan Hari Olahraga Nasional Setiap 9 September". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). 9 September 2020. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  37. ^ Wahyuni Sahara (17 September 2021). "Sejarah Hari Perhubungan Nasional..." Kompas.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 18 September 2021.
  38. ^ Presidential Decree No. 249 of 1964 (Keppres Nomor 249 Tahun 1964)
  39. ^ "APMI Gugat Pengusulan 21 Agustus sebagai Hari Maritim Nasional" [APMI Sues the Proposal of 21 August as National Maritime Day]. Maritime News (in Indonesian). 21 August 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
  40. ^ "Selamat Hari Statistik Nasional 2020". Badan Pusat Statistik (in Indonesian). BPS. 26 September 2020. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  41. ^ Presidential Decree No. 33 of 2009 (Keppres Nomor 33 Tahun 2009)
  42. ^ "Hari Museum Nasional 12 Oktober". Directorate General of Culture. Ministry of Education and Culture. 12 October 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  43. ^ "Keppres No. 22 Tahun 2015". Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Pembangunan Manusia dan Kebudayaan. 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2018.
  44. ^ "Hari Dokter Nasional". Direktorat Promosi Kesehatan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kementerian Kesehatan. Ministry of Health. 28 October 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  45. ^ "HUT ke-70, Sejarah Hari Listrik Nasional". Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources. 26 October 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
  46. ^ kemenkeu.go.id: History of Indonesian Money Archived 9 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine accessed on 6 March 2015
  47. ^ Presidential Decree No. 28 of 2013 (Keppres No. 28 tahun 2013)
  48. ^ "8 November Ditetapkan Sebagai Hari Tata Ruang Nasional". Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (in Indonesian). 5 December 2013. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  49. ^ Nadya Isnaeni (12 November 2014). "Sejarah Lahirnya Hari Ayah Nasional (Story of the Origin of Father's Day)". Liputan 6 (in Indonesian). Liputan 6. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  50. ^ "Hari Kesehatan Nasional" [National Health Day]. Pusat Promosi Kesehatan - Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (in Indonesian). Direktorat Promosi Kesehatan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat. 2016. Archived from the original on 13 February 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  51. ^ Presidential Decree No. 3 of 2014 (Keppres Nomor 3 Tahun 2014)
  52. ^ Presidential Decree No. 126 of 2001 (Keppres Nomor 126 Tahun 2001)

Cited works

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  • Iwan Gayo (1991). Buku Pintar Seri Junior. Jakarta: Upaya Warga Negara. pp. 342–345.
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