Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton

His Grace
The Duke of Grafton
KG PC FRS
His Grace The Duke of Grafton KG PC FRS
	Portrait by William Hoare
Lord High Steward; for the coronation of King George I
	In office; 19 October 1714 – 20 October 1714
Monarch	George I
Preceded by	The Duke of Devonshire
Succeeded by	The Earl Cowper
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
	In office; 18 June 1720 – 6 May 1724
Preceded by	The Duke of Bolton
Succeeded by	The Lord Carteret
Personal details
Born	25 October 1683
Died	6 May 1757 (aged 73)
Spouse	Lady Henrietta Somerset
Children	Charles FitzRoy-Scudamore; Charles FitzRoy, Earl of Euston; George FitzRoy, Earl of Euston; Lord Augustus FitzRoy; Lord Charles FitzRoy; Caroline Stanhope, Countess of Harrington; Lady Harriet FitzRoy; Isabella Seymour-Conway, Countess of Hertford
Parent(s)	Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton; Isabella Bennet, 2nd Countess of Arlington

Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, KG, PC, FRS (25 October 1683 – 6 May 1757) was a British peer and politician.

Early life

He was the only child and heir of Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton (1663–1690) (an illegitimate son of King Charles II by his mistress Barbara Villiers) by his wife Isabella Bennet, 2nd Countess of Arlington, a great-granddaughter of William the Silent. He succeeded to his father's titles on 9 October 1690.

Grafton was one of the members of the Hanoverian-supporting Kit-Cat Club portrayed by Godfrey Kneller.^[1] He served as Lord High Steward at King George I's coronation, becoming a Privy Counsellor in 1715 and a Knight of the Garter in 1721. He also served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland from 1720 to 1724^[2] and Lord Chamberlain from 1724 until his death. In 1719 he was one of the main subscribers to the Royal Academy of Music, a corporation that produced baroque opera on the stage. In 1739 he supported the creation of what was to become one of London's most notable charities, the Foundling Hospital. He sat on that charity's original Court of Governors with such fellow Governors as John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, Vere Beauclerk, 1st Baron Vere of Hanworth, and Micajah Perry, a Lord Mayor of London. He was affectionately known to the Royal court as 'Booby Grafton'. For a number of years he and Princess Emily, one of George II's daughters, enjoyed a semi-flirtatious relationship.

On 30 April 1713, he married Lady Henrietta Somerset (27 August 1690 – 7 August 1726), daughter of Charles Somerset, Marquess of Worcester and Rebecca Child. They had seven children:

Charles Henry FitzRoy, Earl of Euston (13 April 1714 – 18 December 1715)
George FitzRoy, Earl of Euston (24 August 1715 – 7 July 1747). He was married on 10 October 1741 to Lady Dorothy Boyle (14 May 1724 – 2 May 1742) elder daughter of Richard Boyle, 4th Earl of Cork, 3rd Earl of Burlington, and his wife Lady Dorothy Savile, daughter of William Savile, 2nd Marquess of Halifax. The Earl was notorious for mistreating his wife—who died seven months after their marriage—and died childless.^[3]
Lord Augustus FitzRoy (16 October 1716 – 24 May 1741). He was married to Elizabeth Cosby, daughter of Colonel William Cosby, who served as a colonial Governor of New York. They were parents to two sons, who founded branches of the family that still continue today:
- Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton
- Charles FitzRoy, 1st Baron Southampton
Lord Charles FitzRoy (23 April 1718 – 29 July 1739)
Lady Caroline FitzRoy (8 April 1722 – 26 June 1784). She married William Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Harrington. They were parents to Isabella Molyneux, Countess of Sefton, Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl of Harrington and five other children.
Lady Harriet FitzRoy (8 June 1723 – August 1735)
Lady Isabella FitzRoy (1726 – 10 November 1782). She married Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford. They were parents to Francis Seymour-Conway, 2nd Marquess of Hertford and eleven other children.

The Duke also fathered an illegitimate son, Charles FitzRoy-Scudamore.

Grafton Street in Dublin is named after him. He owned property in the area. Grafton, Massachusetts, is named after him.

Winchester, New Hampshire was originally named "Arlington" in his honour (as in, the Earl of Arlington).

^ Kneller portrait of Grafton. Accessed 21 August 2017.
^ Rachel Wilson, "The Vicereines of Ireland and the Transformation of the Dublin Court, c. 1703-1737" in The Court Historian, xix, no. 1 (2014).
^ Leo van der Pas. "George Fitzroy, Earl of Euston (1715–1747)". Archived from the original on 20 April 2004. Retrieved 20 April 2004. from Brigitte Gastel-Lloyd's Worldroots website. Retrieved in cached version on 7 October 2009.

R.H. Nichols and F.A. Wray, The History of the Foundling Hospital (London: Oxford University Press, 1935)

Political offices
Preceded by The Duke of Bolton	Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1720–1724	Succeeded by The Lord Carteret
Preceded by The Duke of Newcastle	Lord Chamberlain 1724–1757	Succeeded by The 4th Duke of Devonshire
Honorary titles
Vacant Title last held by The 1st Duke of Devonshire	Lord High Steward 1714	Vacant Title next held by The Lord Cowper
Preceded by The Earl of Dysart	Lord Lieutenant of Suffolk 1705–1757	Succeeded by The Duke of Grafton
Preceded by The Earl of Dysart	Vice-Admiral of Suffolk 1705–1757	Vacant Title next held by The Marquess of Hertford
Peerage of England
Preceded by Henry FitzRoy	Duke of Grafton 1690–1757	Succeeded by Augustus FitzRoy
Preceded by Isabella Bennett	Earl of Arlington 1723–1757	Succeeded by Augustus FitzRoy

v t e Cabinet of Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole (1730–1742)
Southern Secretary	The Duke of Newcastle (1730–1742)
Northern Secretary	The Lord Harrington (1730–1742)
Lord Chancellor	The Lord King (1730–1733) The Lord Talbot (1733–1737) The Lord Hardwicke (1737–1742)
Lord President of the Council	The Lord Trevor (1730) The Earl of Wilmington (1730–1742)
Lord Privy Seal	The Earl of Wilmington (1730–1731) The Duke of Devonshire (1731–1733) The Viscount Lonsdale (1733–1735) The Earl of Godolphin (1735–1740) The Lord Hervey of Ickworth (1740–1742)
First Lord of the Admiralty	The Viscount Torrington (1730–1733) Sir Charles Wager (1733–1742)
Master-General of the Ordnance	The Duke of Argyll (1730–1740) The Duke of Montagu (1740–1742)
Paymaster of the Forces	Henry Pelham (1730–1742)
Lord Steward	The Earl of Chesterfield (1730–1733) The Duke of Devonshire (1733–1737) The Duke of Dorset (1737–1742)
Lord Chamberlain	The Duke of Grafton (1730–1742)

v t e Cabinet of Sir Robert Walpole and The Viscount Townshend (1721–1730)
First Lord of the Treasury Chancellor of the Exchequer Leader of the House of Commons	Sir Robert Walpole (1721–1730)
Northern Secretary	The Viscount Townshend (1721–1730)
Southern Secretary	The Earl Granville (1721–1724) The Duke of Newcastle (1724–1730)
Lord Chancellor	The Earl of Macclesfield (1721–1725) The Lord King (1725–1730)
Lord President of the Council	The Duke of Kingston (1721–1726) The Lord Trevor (1726–1730)
Lord Privy Seal	The Viscount Townshend (1721) The Lord Carleton (1721–1725) The Duke of Devonshire (1725–1730) The Lord Trevor (1730)
First Lord of the Admiralty	The Earl of Berkeley (1721–1727) The Viscount Torrington (1727–1730)
Master-General of the Ordnance	The Duke of Marlborough (1721–1722) The Earl Cadogan (1722–1725) The Duke of Argyll (1725–1730)
Paymaster of the Forces	The Lord Cornwallis (1721–1722) The Earl of Wilmington (1722–1730)
Lord Steward	The Duke of Argyll (1721–1725) The Duke of Dorset (1725–1730)
Lord Chamberlain	The Duke of Newcastle (1721–1724) The Duke of Grafton (1724–1730)
Master of the Horse	The Earl of Scarbrough (1727–1730)

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